Dynamic switching technique for load control in a PV system

The voltage load control of a stand-alone photovoltaic power (SAPV) system can be an indication for the optimum utilization of the system. A low-cost online control by a simple electronic circuit using a switching technique for both the PV array and the storage batteries is presented. This circuit makes it possible to control the load voltage, and the charging and discharging currents of the storage batteries. The circuit can also rearrange the PV array cells with load variations. The series and parallel cells are determined at each operating point. The coordinates of the photovoltaic array N_p and N _s are obtained such that the total power is generated at the extreme condition. In addition, the break-even point of the overall system is deduced as an index between the two boundaries of power generated