Evaluation of microwave electromagnetic field absorbed by human thyroid gland

Radio communications is spreading more increasingly and people exposure to non-ionizing electromagnetic fields has increased due to emitting antennas. Human beings are complex electrochemical systems that communicate with the environment through electrical pluses. Electromagnetic field penetrates the human body and can alter functions of his cell, tissue and organs by modifying the biochemical processes. People have the ability to physiologically regulate their inner environment to ensure stability in response to fluctuations in the outside environment as a result of homeostasis process if the external sources are less than certain levels. The thyroid gland is one of the most exposed vital organs to electromagnetic radiation. Production of thyroid hormone is essential for metabolism, temperature regulation, and many other vital processes in the body. There are only few published papers reporting the effect of microwave radiation on thyroid. In this generic framework of the electromagnetic smog, that becomes less and less friendly, it is necessary to perform theoretical and experimental studies on the possible field levels that are currently applied to certain body parts. The aim of the present study was to assess the microwave field absorbed by human thyroid gland, and to predict local temperature increase for staff working in the vicinity of antennas transmitting high microwave power, for example on maritime ships. The temperature does not depend linear versus microwave power density. The finite element method was used to solve coupled equations governing the propagation microwave field in different environments with heat generation and propagation. In the paper are presented the necessary specific absorption rates, (SAR), as temperature increases up to 38-43 Celsius degrees for the frequency range between 1 and 4 GHz. Microwave signal power used by ships may lead to increase of 2-4 degrees Celsius.