A topological measurements and RTUs design against a contingency

The measurement and remote terminal units (RTUs) placement design in an electric power system that minimizes the number of measurements and RTUs under the constraint that the system remains observable under a contingency is formulated. The contingency considered in this paper can be a pre-selected single branch outage or a single measurement loss. In addition, a single TRU loss is taken into account as a type of contingency. A two-stage topological heuristic approach is to solve the problem based on the concept of measurement graph, and an algorithm to search for a valid measurement graph is developed in detail. Tests on the IEEE 30-bus system demonstrates the validity and efficiency of the proposed approach.