Review of potential problems and utility concerns arising from high penetration levels of photovoltaics in distribution systems

This paper presents the results of a literature search and utility engineer survey on the subject of system-level impacts of high penetration levels of photovoltaics, undertaken by the authors as part of the Department of Energy´s Renewable Systems Integration (RSI) project in 2007. The primary concerns associated with high PV penetration as described by the body of literature and by currently-practicing utility engineers are presented.