A new active circuit building block: dual-X differential difference current conveyor (DXDDCC)

In this study, a new active circuit building block, namely the dual-X differential difference current conveyor (DXDDCC) is proposed to obtain flexibility in analog IC design. The proposed device is an extension of the differential difference current conveyor (DDCC). Unlike the DDCC which has only one X terminal, DXDDCC has two X terminals in order to achieve an electronic tuning scheme. In order to prove the versatility of the proposed element, a KHN biquadratic filter is designed using the proposed device and simulated with SPICE simulation program. Simulation results clearly show that the proposed circuit building block can be used to design filters with linearly tunable characteristics.