Title :
Conversion of Hazardous leather solid waste into fuels and products
Author :
Sethuraman, C. ; Srinivas, K. ; Sekaran, G.
Author_Institution :
Madras Complex, Central Sci. Instrum. Organ., Chennai, India
Abstract :
The main objective of the present investigation was to recover fuels and value added byproducts from hazardous chrome tanned leather solid waste (HCTLSW) generated from the leather industry under pyrolysis gasification process and controlled oxygen supply gasification process without converting trivalent chromium (Cr3+) into carcinogenic hexavalent chromium (Cr6+) towards achieving near absolute conversion of the waste. The variable conditions selected were mass of HCTLSW (0.5 kg to 2.0 kg) and temperature (400°C to 800°C). The yields were characterized using TGA, SEM/EDX, High Temperature Simulated Distillation (HTSD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The composition of the yield obtained was gaseous components, liquid fraction and carbon residual ash. The liquid fraction on distillation produces fuel oil, nitrogen enriched liquid and ammonium carbonate. The HTSD data on fuel oil suggests that the derived fuel oil could be blended with gasoline, kerosene, diesel and vacuum gas oil.
Keywords :
X-ray photoelectron spectra; ash; biofuel; carbon; chromium; distillation; fuel gasification; fuel processing industries; hazardous materials; industrial waste; leather; leather industry; nitrogen; petroleum; photoelectron spectroscopy; pyrolysis; waste recovery; (NH4)2CO3; Cr3+; Cr6+; HCTLSW; HTSD; High Temperature Simulated Distillation; N; SEM/EDX; TGA; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; XPS; ammonium carbonate; carbon residual ash; controlled oxygen supply gasification process; conversion; diesel; distillation; fuel oil; fuel recovery; fuels; gaseous components; gasoline; hazardous chrome tanned leather solid waste; hazardous leather solid waste; hexavalent chromium; kerosene; leather industry; liquid fraction; mass 0.5 kg to 2.0 kg; nitrogen enriched liquid; pyrolysis gasification process; temperature 400 degC to 800 degC; trivalent chromium; vacuum gas oil; Ash; Carbon; Chromium; Fuels; Liquids; Process control; Solids; Energy recovery; Fuels; Hazardous chromium; Leather solid waste; Pyrolysis;
Conference_Titel :
Global Humanitarian Technology Conference: South Asia Satellite (GHTC-SAS), 2013 IEEE
Conference_Location :
Trivandrum
Print_ISBN :
978-1-4799-1094-6
DOI :
10.1109/GHTC-SAS.2013.6629930
