The interaction of atmospheric pressure plasmas with liquid covered tissues

Atmospheric pressure plasma jets and dielectric barrier discharges (DBDs) are being used to treat tissues, from wound healing to disinfection. The tissues are often covered by a thin layer of liquid, such as blood serum, consisting of water with dissolved proteins. As a result, the plasmas directly interact with the liquid layer, which then processes the plasma produced radicals and ions prior to their reaching the tissue. Most such liquids are dominantly water which naturally evaporates into the air producing a thin layer of water vapor saturated gas directly above the liquid.