Lifetime maximization of wireless sensor networks using energy-efficient cluster formation strategy

Wireless Sensor Networks is a Wireless network consists of a Base Station (BS) and more number of wireless sensors inorder to monitor temperature, pressure, motion etc., in different environment conditions. Number of sensor nodes located geographically nearer to form a group called cluster to co-operately processing the data. LEACH (Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy) is a routing protocol for clusters which is used to lower the energy consumption and also to improve the lifetime of the wireless sensor networks. Minimizing energy dissipation and maximizing network lifetime are important issues in the design of applications and protocols for sensor networks. The proposed system is to maximize the lifetime of the wireless sensor networks by selecting the farthest cluster head instead of the closest cluster head and forming the cluster by considering the following metrices such as Residual-Energy, Intra-Cluster Distance and Node Density. We use ABC (Artificial Bees Colony) Optimization Technique to enhance the network lifetime and energy consumption of the network.