GNSS-R Wind-Dependent Polarimetric Signature Over the Ocean

Global Navigation Satellite System-Reflectometry (GNSS-R) is a promising and innovative remote sensing technique. In this letter, an investigation on the polarimetric characteristics of GNSS-R signals is performed. The study is conducted by means of an ad hoc simulator based on a facet approach to approximate a 3-D time-domain generated sea surface. To best mimic a realistic configuration, the simulator uses both recorded GPS and Galileo signals as incident waves. The effect of the incoherent averaging in mitigating the speckle is shown. Finally, a relationship between the wind speed and the polarimetric ratio is analyzed.