Fault modelling and detection in power generation, transmission and distribution systems

The study discusses a model-based fault diagnosis scheme for detection of faults in power systems. The fault models in power generating units (PGUs) and transmission and distribution networks (T&DN) have been derived in state space form. An observer-based fault detection filter (FDF) has been used to detect these faults. Observer-based FDF is used because of its simplicity, reliability and ease of implementation. A single machine infinite bus power system is considered wherein a synchronous generator is connected to a T&DN through a bus system. Actuator and sensor faults in PGU, and symmetric faults in T&DN have been modelled and simulated in Matlab/Simulink. The simulation results show that a fault, whenever occurs in the aforementioned parts of power systems, is detected using the knowledge of the faults models proposed in this work.