Active loads of a microgrid as players in a differential game

Low-inertia DC microgrids rely on storage devices to buffer energy and handle abrupt load changes. An alternative approach involves the concept of power buffers. Proper adjustment of the input impedances of power buffers helps shape the trajectory of the transients imposed on DC microgrid. A communication network facilitates data exchange among active loads (loads augmented with power buffers). Such group information helps to collectively respond to any load change; an optimal response with the least energy extract from individual buffers. A cooperative game-theoretic performance function is defined for active loads. Then, a distributed control policy simultaneously minimizes all performance functions. A low-voltage DC microgrid is used to study the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.