Hybrid RSS-AoA technique for 3-D node localization in wireless sensor networks

We consider 3-D target positioning in noncooperative wireless sensor network (WSN) by employing received signal strength (RSS) and angle-of-arrival (AoA) measurements. Based on the least squares (LS) criterion, we derive a novel objective function for solving the hybrid localization problem. Despite the fact that the resulting optimization problem is non-convex, we show that it can be approximated into a convex problem by applying second-order cone programming (SOCP) relaxation. Moreover, we show that the objective function can be written in the form that belongs to the generalized trust region subproblems (GTRS), which can be solved exactly. Our numerical results exhibit remarkable performance of the new approaches, reducing the estimation error for more than 5 m and 3 m, in comparison to the state-of-the-art approach.