Abstract :
This paper analyzes the current distribution and the scattering properties for a loaded antenna using the theory of characteristic modes. The current distribution on an antenna with a load when electromagnetic fields are incident are as follows (A. Alu, “Power Relations and a Consistent Analytical Model for Receiving Wire Antennas,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 58, no. 5, pp.1436–1448, May. 2010): equation where Voc is the open-circuit voltage in the equivalent circuit for a receiving antenna and is determined with equation In (1) and (2), JR is the current density on a loaded antenna, JS is the current density on a short-circuited antenna when the same field is incident, JT is the current density on an antenna in the transmitting mode, and IpT is the total current at the feed point of a transmitting antenna when the current density is JT. ZL is the load impedance, Zin is the input impedance of an antenna, and Ei is the incident electric field intensity.