4D antenna arrays for LFM signal transmission

The application of four-dimensional (4D) antenna arrays for linear frequency modulation (LFM) signal transmission is investigated in this paper. LFM pulse is used as the input of 4D antenna arrays and the influence brought by the periodic on/off switches are analyzed. The relationship among pulse duration, chirp rate, sample frequency, time-modulation frequency and propagation direction is analyzed, and then two constraints and two conditions are highlighted. Numerical examples with two different time schemes, including the pulse shifting (PS) scheme and binary phase center motion (BPCM) scheme, are presented and compared to demonstrate the effectiveness of the LFM signal transmission by 4D arrays. Simulation results validate that original chirp signal can be correctly recovered with low side lobe power patterns, as long as the proposed limitations are satisfied.