Magnetless ring circulator based on nonreciprocal phasers

A novel ring circulator, based on three loss-less reciprocal T-junctions and three nonreciprocal phasers, potentially providing huge bandwidth, is introduced. This circulator mimics the operation of a ferrite circulator, where coupled counter-rotating modes constructively and destructively interfere at the transmission and isolation ports, respectively. It may be implemented in a planar form with convenient electric DC bias and without resorting to magnetic materials.