A new equivalent circuit of a salient-pole synchronous machine and its phasor interpretation

This paper examines a shortcoming of the classical phasor diagram of a salient-pole synchronous machine based on the well-established two-reaction theory. Unlike in the phasor diagram of a smooth-air-gap machine, it is not possible to readily identify the internally-developed electromagnetic power of a salient-pole synchronous machine from this phasor diagram. By defining new machine reactances, a single equivalent circuit of a salient-pole synchronous machine is proposed together with a phasor diagram where the internally-developed electromagnetic power is made apparent. The revised two-reaction theory is illustrated using the mathematical model of a two-phase salient-pole synchronous machine whose equations are manipulated using complex space vectors instead of traditional matrix transformations.