Improvement and application of LEACH Protocol based on Genetic Algorithm for WSN

Based on LEACH Protocol, an improved LEACH Protocol (LEACH-H) is proposed based on Genetic Algorithm (GA) in this paper. The weight values of the three influencing factors--the current residual energy of nodes, the number of the neighbor nodes and the distance between nodes and base station are used as its optimization variable. The maximum lifetime of the first and half of the nodes is used as the optimization objective. Finally, the LEACH protocol before and after improvement are applied to the prefabricated substation. The sensor nodes are used to collect equipment operating parameters and substation environmental parameters. LEACH-H and LEACH protocol are used separately for data transmitting. The simulation results show that the lifetime of the first and half of the nodes of LEACH-H protocol is longer than the original LEACH protocol, and the performance of the network is improved.