Wideband Koch snowflake fractal Dielectric Resonator antenna

In this paper, Koch snowflake fractal geometry on a Cylindrical Dielectric Resonator antenna (CDRA) is designed and analyzed up to two iterations. The antenna has been excited by a coaxial probe placed at an offset distance from the center. Self-similar pattern of fractal geometry has been utilized to excite higher order modes. The proposed antenna gives a wide impedance bandwidth of 56.5% at a fundamental resonant frequency of 3.6 GHz. Excitation of higher order HE12δ like mode in the fractal geometry causes the radiation pattern to be broadside in nature. It has been observed that, after applying fractal the gain of the antenna has improved from 5.3 to 6.9 dBi. Simulations were done on CST Microwave Studio transient solver.