Fuzzy based unequal energy aware clustering with multi-hop routing in wireless sensor network

Due to the non-uniform node distribution, the energy consumption among nodes are most imbalanced in cluster-based wireless sensor networks. The energy consumption of a head node is higher for it´s maximize utilization. Therefore, the dying process of such nodes is very fast as compared to the other nodes. This problem is called the hot spot problem. To address the hot spot problem, this paper propose a fuzzy based energy efficient clustering protocol by employing multi-hop routing technique, where the cluster size is dynamic in nature. To make the dynamic formation of cluster-size, fuzzy logic approach is used and implemented in the protocol. Performance evaluation assures that our protocol is much better in terms of number of alive nodes compared to other competitive protocols. Also, the simulation results claim that the minimal speed of dead nodes and enhanced network lifetime achieved by the proposed protocol. To the best of our knowledge, the proposed protocol should be implemented in the real life scenario.