Towards Building an Optimal Demand Response Framework for DC Distribution Networks

Direct current (DC) power systems have recently been proposed as a promising technology for distribution networks and microgrids. By eliminating unnecessary conversion stages, DC distribution systems can enable seamless integration of natively DC devices such as photovoltaic cells and batteries. Moreover, DC technologies can overcome several disadvantages of alternating current (AC) distribution systems, such as synchronization requirements and reactive power compensation. Therefore, in this paper, the first steps are taken towards designing demand response programs for DC distribution networks. The idea is to adjust the internal parameters of power electronics loads to ensure reliable and efficient operation of the DC distribution system. In this regard, first, an optimization-based foundation is proposed for demand response in DC distribution networks in presence of distributed generators. Then, the formulated problem is solved using both centralized and decentralized approaches, where the latter requires devising a pricing mechanism. Finally, simulation results are presented to assess the performance and to gain insights into the proposed demand-response paradigm.