Design and use based on long-term measurements of analog floating-gate array circuits

Presented are handling and use issues to consider when using floating-gates in analog circuits, such as where to set bias voltages to reduce long-term effects and conditions to avoid when powering up and down the system. Designs to compensate for long-term changes resulting from global disturbances are presented, both for computational blocks as well as bias currents using floating-gates. Lastly, long-term data from an array of floating-gates is presented demonstrating their ability to hold charge over time.