Musical instrument identification based on F0-dependent multivariate normal distribution

The pitch dependency of timbres has not been fully exploited in musical instrument identification. In this paper, we present a method using an F0-dependent multivariate normal distribution of which mean is represented by a function of fundamental frequency (F0). This F0-dependent mean function represents the pitch dependency of each feature, while the F0-normalized covariance represents the nonpitch dependency. Musical instrument sounds are first analyzed by the F0-dependent multivariate normal distribution, and then identified by using the discriminant function based on the Bayes decision rule. Experimental results of identifying 6247 solo tones of 19 musical instruments by 10-fold cross validation showed that the proposed method improved the recognition rate at individual-instrument level from 75.73% to 79.73%, and the recognition rate at category level from 88.20% to 90.65%.