Analytical approach for placement and sizing of distributed generation on distribution systems

An analytical method for placement and sizing of distributed generation on power distribution systems for loss reduction is introduced. The proposed analytical method is developed based on a new formulation for the power flow problem, which is non-iterative, direct, and involves no convergence issues even for systems with high R/X branch ratios. Further, this power flow solution is extremely useful whenever fast and repetitive power flow estimations are required. A priority list based on loss sensitivity factors is developed to determine the optimal locations of the candidate distributed generation units. Sensitivity analysis is performed to estimate the optimal size and power factor of the candidate distributed generation units. Various types of distributed generators (DGs) have been dealt with and viable solutions are proposed to reduce total system loss. The proposed method has been tested on 33-bus and 69-bus distribution systems, which are extensively used as examples in solving the placement and sizing problem of DGs. Exhaustive power flow routines are also performed to verify the sizes obtained by the analytical method. The test results show that the proposed analytical method could lead to optimal or near-optimal solution, while requiring lower computational effort.