A Novel Load-Flow Analysis for Stable and Optimized Microgrid Operation

This paper proposes a novel load-flow analysis (LFA) algorithm for droop-based islanded microgrids (DBIM). The standard LFA is not applicable for DBIM due to the absence of a node with fixed reference voltage. As the voltage in the islanded microgrid depends on the droop relations, these relations are included as part of the load-flow equations. The proposed LFA is used with particle swarm optimization to select the droop parameters that optimize the reactive power sharing. Voltage compensation terms are also suggested to improve voltage regulation. By using the proposed LFA, a modeling procedure is suggested to check the stability and stabilize the microgrid. The effectiveness of the proposed methods is verified through different simulation studies.