Experimental verification of a 3D propagation model based on Fresnel-Kirchhoff integral

Experimental results obtained from measurements inside an anechoic chamber on scaled 3D building models are compared with the theoretical predictions based on the application of the Fresnel-Kirchhoff integral. The model is applied to predict field strength in outdoor urban environments. Buildings are represented by wooden scaled models coated with copper sheets. One of the biggest challenges of the 3D experiments is to remove the directivity of antennas as much as possible, because the theory developed so far assumes that antennas are isotropic. Different configurations involving one and two buildings are considered, and the good agreement between the theoretical results and measurements for both vertical and horizontal polarizations proves that Fresnel-Kirchhoff integral is an accurate 3D deterministic method. The results provide a benchmark for other researchers to compare their methods with experimental results.