18 GHz and 7 GHz superharmonic injection-locked dividers in 0.25 µm CMOS technology

In this paper we propose novel ring-oscillator based superharmonic injection-locked dividers for various modulus applications. To prove the viability of the operating schemes, 2 prototypes including modulo-3 and modulto-5 dividers are implemented and tested. Fabricated in a 0.25-µm CMOS process, the modulo-5 divider is capable of operating at 18 GHz, while the modulo-3 divider is capable of operating at 7.1 GHz. The power consumptions for modulo-5 and modulo-3 frequency dividers are 1.75 mW and 3.75 mW respectively under a single 2.5 V supply.