Study on the electromagnetic scattering from non-Gaussian oceanic surface using the modified two-scale model

Base on the skewness of sea waves, a modified two-scale model is developed for non-Gaussian sea surface scattering. In this new model, a complementary term is added to the first-order scattering coefficient of the classical SPM (small perturbation method), the additional part is proportional to the surface bispectrum and it is the critical part in explaining the scattering difference between upwind and downwind observations. Meanwhile, the effects of the shadowing function of the anisotropic surface, the curvature of the surface are also taken into account. The numerical results show the theoretical estimates obtained are consistent with the experimental result, and the influence of the wind speed, the trend and the incident frequency on the backscattering coefficients from the non-Gaussian oceanic surface is discussed in details.