Measurement-based behavioral model under mismatched conditions: a new and easy approach for an accurate model

Presently source- and load-pull techniques are used to characterize amplifiers under different impedance conditions and to find the optimal source and load matching circuitry. Because the tuning process is cumbersome, the measurement setups have been automated to collect power amplifier characteristics and to analyze this data off-line. Some limited capabilities do exist to couple load-pull data into simulators. This paper presents a straightforward approach, "based on LSNA technology", to extract measurement-based behavioral models of power amplifiers or any active component under mismatched conditions and use these models in commercially available simulators. This approach overcomes the drawbacks of other existing state of the art solutions.