Title :
The pixel hybrid photon detectors of the LHCb ring imaging Cherenkov counters
Author_Institution :
Imperial Coll. London, London
fDate :
Oct. 26 2007-Nov. 3 2007
Abstract :
The ring imaging Cherenkov counters of the LHCb experiment use an innovative type of photon detector, pixel hybrid photon detectors (HPDs). Cherenkov photons are detected using 484 HPDs covering a total area of 3.3 m2. The HPDs consist of a vacuum tube with a quartz window and multi-alkaline photo-cathode. A 20 kV potential difference accelerates photo-electrons from the photo-cathode onto a silicon pixel sensor. The 8192 pixel sensor is bump-bonded to an encapsulated readout chip that amplifies and discriminates the signals from the silicon sensor at the LHC bunch crossing frequency of 40 MHz. Results from the production and testing of the HPDs are presented. Overall the yield has been excellent with 98% of HPDs suitable for use in LHCb.
Keywords :
Cherenkov counters; amplifiers; discriminators; gamma-ray detection; nuclear electronics; photocathodes; photodetectors; photon counting; position sensitive particle detectors; readout electronics; silicon radiation detectors; HPD; LHC bunch crossing frequency; LHCb experiment; amplifier; discriminator; encapsulated readout chip; multialkaline photocathode; photoelectrons; photon detection; pixel hybrid photon detectors; quartz window; ring imaging Cherenkov counters; silicon pixel sensor; vacuum tube; Acceleration; Counting circuits; Detectors; Electron tubes; Frequency; Large Hadron Collider; Optoelectronic and photonic sensors; Pixel; Production; Silicon; HPD; LHCb; RICH;
Conference_Titel :
Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record, 2007. NSS '07. IEEE
Conference_Location :
Honolulu, HI
Print_ISBN :
978-1-4244-0922-8
Electronic_ISBN :
1095-7863
DOI :
10.1109/NSSMIC.2007.4436620
