Adaptive Line Distance Protection with Compensation for Remote End Infeed

This paper presents an adaptive method for non-pilot distance protection of a power transmission line. It exhibits improved operation under resistive faults, i.e. reducing an under reaching and overreaching of the relay, that is caused by a remote line end infeed. Use of one-end measurements and also two-end synchronized measurements are considered. The developed adaptive distance protection algorithms have been thoroughly tested using signals taken from ATP-EMTP versatile simulations of faults on a transmission line. Sample results of the testing are included and discussed.