A new distributed localization scheme for wireless sensor network based on omnidirectional antenna

According to the characteristics of wireless sensor network (WSN), a novel distributed and range-free localization scheme (LBOA) was proposed based on the omnidirectional antenna. First, an online measurement for path loss exponent was executed by anchor nodes using log-normal shadowing model. Then beacons with different radius of radio range were transmitted to network through power control. Finally, for each of unknown nodes, the search area where it may reside was found based on the beacons heard and a score table corresponding to the search area was established to estimate its position. Simulation results indicate that the LBOA algorithm is robust with regard to range error estimated and can provide a high positioning accuracy with smaller number of anchor nodes and lower energy consumption, which can also meet the requirements of localization in large-scale WSN.