Routing Design of Wireless Sensor Networks in Mine Monitoring System

A routing scheme of wireless sensor networks which is suitable for mine monitoring system is designed in this paper. Consideration of the topographic features of coal mine, two-level network is adopted. We design a semi-proactive routing protocol based on tree topology. Isolated nodes in the network send routing requests to neighbor nodes with least path hops. Upper-lower lever routing relationship is established by three-handshake mechanisms and several tree topology structures will be formed in the network. The routing can be maintained dynamically to adapt to network topology changes by connectivity detection to upper nodes, expiration detection of lower nodes and switching upper nodes. Based on the tree topology network structure, we can use routing maintain data packets to fuse the real-time monitoring data. The practical application shows that the routing design has the features of less communication overhead, lower transmission delay and higher reliability.