The application of novel environmentally friendly batteries in HV substations

Currently most existing transmission and distribution substations are equipped with lead-acid batteries. These batteries are used as an emergency power supply for critical loads and therefore play a crucial role in substation availability. However the lead-acid batteries are big, heavy, and require regular maintenance. These disadvantages inhibit substation development in areas which have limited space and also need more emergency capability due to having more DC motors and actuators connected. With technology development and cost reduction requirement, relative to lead-acid, lithium-ion batteries now offer an attractive combination of “greener” materials, compact, light, maintenance free, long life and high power and energy density. This paper presents the lithium-ion battery characteristics and the integration of lithium-ion batteries into substations. Simulation and experimental results presented show that the application of lithium-ion batteries is a better choice for substation back up power. It can reduce substantially the substation footprint, eliminate the some of the routine maintenance, and is more environmentally friendly than lead acid.