Torque display method for free-form deformation with haptic device

Haptic devices provide a powerful interface that allows users to use their sense of touch to interact with 3D shapes. Even though much research has been done on haptics-based design and sculpting, less effort has been spent on applications related to torque computing and torque-based modeling. We have constructed a 3D shape modeling and modification system based on a haptic device, with acceptable interactivity to improve intuition. Bending and twisting formulations are widely used in physical modeling and sculpting. The use of torque-based haptic interaction for deforming and editing 3D shapes has the potential to magnify artistic intuition and creativity of designers. In this paper, we propose a torque display method for free-form deformation (FFD) with haptic device. The combination of bending and twisting extends the editing capabilities of constructed shape deformation system by means of screw-motions.