Notice of RetractionAPDL-based study on the influence of anvil-width ratio on stress field in stretched axial forgings with HVA forging method

Notice of Retraction

After careful and considered review of the content of this paper by a duly constituted expert committee, this paper has been found to be in violation of IEEE´s Publication Principles.

We hereby retract the content of this paper. Reasonable effort should be made to remove all past references to this paper.

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The forging method with Horizontal V-shaped Anvils (HVA) is prominent in the control of inner stress states, metal tissue. FEM numerical simulation was conducted with ANSYS for the HVA forging method to investigate the influence of anvil-width ratio on the stress field, especially the transversal stress field, in the stretched axial forging. The results show that during HVA forging, with the increase of the anvil-width ratio, the transversal and axial stress states in the forgings become better. When the reduction ratio is larger than 15%, the transversal and axial stresses become from tensile to compressive. Even when the blank-width ratio is small, the transversal compressive stress can occur only if the reduction ratio and the anvil-width ratio are big enough. On the contrary, there will be always transversal tensile when the blank-width ratio is small if conventional flat anvils are adopted. The feature of the HVA forging method benefits the cracks prevention in the forgings. The feature can contribute to improve the transversal mechanical properties of heavy axial forgings. The numerical simulation results agree with experimental research, verifying the effectiveness of HVA forging method.