On the route to full-wave electromagnetic modeling with active circuit element inclusion

The possibility to combine circuit and electromagnetic modeling in one program enable new problems to be solved and more efficient simulations to be done. In this paper, the inclusion of passive and active lumped circuit elements in the Partial Element Equivalent Circuit (PEEC) method has been studied and a combined solver has been developed. The solver uses PEEC to provide an equivalent circuit for a structure, then the external passive and active lumped elements are added, and then solves the combined system providing the potential and current distributions in the structure. To demonstrate the capability of the solver, two structures are examined. Both examples include a transmission line-PEEC model and active components. Results are compared with those from OrCAD, where an analytical model for the transmission line is used. Good agreement between the results shows the feasibility of using PEEC to solve this type of mixed problems.