Microwave imaging at resolution and super-resolution with ultra-wide band sensors

Intensive research has been carried in microwave tomography techniques towards non-invasive imaging targeting several civil and military applications. The interest in using microwave frequencies for imaging arises from the super-resolution capability, and low operating cost. In the medical field, non-ionizing properties and patient convenience are major advantages. However, the realization of this imaging technique faces several challenges, mainly related to sophisticated mathematical inversion techniques and experimental data acquisition systems although its foundations were laid out more than three decades ago, given the difficulty in obtaining accurate and effective dielectric reconstructions. This paper provides an insight on microwave imaging, focusing on techniques and procedures in realizing the super-resolution accuracy.