Multifrequency microwave radiometer measurements of snow on lake ice

Author

Hallikainen, Martti ; Vaaja, Matti ; Von Lerber, Annakaisa ; Kainulainen, Juha ; Seppänen, Jaakko ; Lemmetyinen, Juha

Author_Institution

Dept. of Radio Sci. & Eng., Aalto Univ., Aalto, Finland

fYear

2012

fDate

22-27 July 2012

Firstpage

142

Lastpage

145

Abstract

Airborne microwave radiometer measurements of lake ice have been performed in 2004, 2007, 2011, and 2012 over two lakes in southern Finland using radiometer systems that cover frequencies from 1.4 to 36.5 GHz. Airborne and surface data have been collected under circumstances ranging from early winter dry snow to late winter dry and wet snow conditions. Water and slush on top of ice and dry snow grain size have been determined to be the two most important parameters affecting brightness temperature.

Keywords

atmospheric radiation; lakes; radiometry; remote sensing; snow; AD 2004; AD 2007; AD 2011; AD 2012; airborne data; airborne microwave radiometer measurements; brightness temperature; dry snow grain size; early winter dry snow; frequency 1.4 GHz to 36.5 GHz; lake ice; late winter dry snow; late winter wet snow; multifrequency microwave radiometer measurements; snow measurements; southern Finland; surface data; Ice; Lakes; Microwave FET integrated circuits; Microwave integrated circuits; Microwave measurements; Microwave radiometry; Snow; Snow; lake ice; microwave radiometry;

fLanguage

English

Publisher

ieee

Conference_Titel

Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS), 2012 IEEE International

Conference_Location

Munich

ISSN

2153-6996

Print_ISBN

978-1-4673-1160-1

Electronic_ISBN

2153-6996

Type

conf

DOI

10.1109/IGARSS.2012.6351617

Filename

6351617