Novel 3-D array configuration based on CRLB formulation for high-resolution DOA estimation

In this paper, we proposed a way of developing 3-D array configuration which could improve elevation angle estimation accuracy of planar array while preserving azimuth angle estimation accuracy, without increasing the number of array elements. According to the formulation of CRLB, we found that the elevation angle estimation accuracy could be improved only by shifting the height of some array elements. One of future studies would be how to determine the optimum shift value dz for more complicated array structures.