Measuring the effectiveness of beacon location by Distribution-Adapted Grid measurement

Previous studies show that the placement layout of beacons has a strong impact on localization performance. Therefore, the effectiveness of beacon location should be considered in designing the deployment or the sleeping scheduling of beacons. We propose a Distribution-Adapted Grid (DAG) measurement to adapt the non-uniform distribution impact observed by real WSN nodes to precisely measure the effectiveness of beacon location. Comparing to the previous methods, DAG can reduce 30% beacon usage under the same localization error. When only half of these beacons at saturated state were placed, DAG can reduce 76% localization error.