Enhanced conversion efficiency of Cu(In, Ga)Se2 solar cells with periodic nanosphere arrays

Enhanced photoelectric conversion is demonstrated in a Cu(In, Ga)Se₂ solar cell with the polystyrene (PS) nanospheres, which is one of the simplest and the fastest methods to build a two-dimensional closely packed periodic structure. Owing to the scattering of the PS nanospheres, the light path length can be increased when compared to a bare CIGS solar cell without PS nanospheres on surface. The dimensions of the PS nanospheres are analyzed by using rigorous coupled-wave analysis (RCWA) method, and the optimized efficiency increased from 15.03 to 15.78%.