On Optimality Criteria for V2G Charging Strategies

There is a growing interest in treating EVs not only as controllable loads, but also as storage systems, which are able to reduce stresses on the grid during peak times by injecting power back, also known as Vehicle to Grid (V2G). In this paper, we formulate the problem of returning electrical load to the grid as an optimisation problem whose goal is to minimise the costs of drawing energy from the vehicles, while maintaining the effect of energy return on the environment below a safety level.