An intelligent technique based on code algorithm for determination of optimum gain values of PID controller in an AGC system

Automatic generation control (AGC) of a power system provides power demand signals for power generators to control frequency and tie-line power flow due to the large load changes or other disturbances. Occurrence of large real power imbalance causes large frequency deviations from its nominal value which may be a threat to secure operation of power system. To avoid such situation, emergency control to maintain the system frequency using composite differential evolution (CODE) based proportional integral-derivative (PID) controller is proposed in this paper. CODE based optimum gains give better optimal transient response of frequency and tie line power changes compared to particle swarm optimization and classical DE based PID gains.