Mininizing the cost of generation for future Smart Grids

The power flow in a highly interconnected Smart Grid is a major problem for an electrical engineer. The load flow and subsequent concerns are taken care by simulations in a minute. The next big obstacle in the Smart Grid is that of Economic Load Dispatch. In ELD, the unit commitment of each generator is taken into consideration to have adequate margin for reserve at any time. The second issue with ELD is with allocating the total generation to the individual generators in such a way that the total cost of generation at any time is at a minimum. In this paper, the optimum cost of generation problem for a Smart Grid has been looked into with a distributed slack bus algorithm. In ordinary line flow analysis, the slack bus is asked to carry the entire residual burden of the system. In the proposed method, the burden on slack bus shall be eliminated and still maintain the equal incremental cost criteria. A new concept called Participation factor shall be used to achieve the same as the total loss of the system at the end of iteration shall get divided among all the generator buses. A 5 bus 3 generator system was used as the case study and the results obtained are compared and analyzed to verify the usefulness of the proposed technique. The implementation of this proposed algorithm with smart grid issues is under study.