Distributed power control and pricing for two-tier OFMDA femtocell networks using fictitious game

Due to large-scale and self-deployed of femtocells overlaid on traditional cellular networks, serious cross-and co-tier interference may arise without good coordination. To address this problem, this paper proposes a distributed power control scheme for the uplink transmission of two-tier OFDMA femtocell networks. Two models are considered: single-channel femtocell networks and multiple-channel femtocell networks. In single-channel case, each user announces a price that reflects compensation paid by other users. Then an asynchronous distributed power control algorithm is presented to update power levels and prices. Moreover, a simple cellular link protection scheme is also proposed for protecting cellular users by increasing their prices. In multiple-channel case, this paper studies power control scheme based on Stackelberg game, in which each user prices its limited power and sells it to subchannels. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme can improve spectrum efficiency and mitigate the cross- and co-tier interference significantly while guaranteeing QoS (quality of service) requirement of cellular users.