A Two-State Packet Error Model for Vehicle-to-Infrastructure Communications

In this paper we propose and analyze a novel, computationally inexpensive packet-error model for infrastructure- to-vehicle (I2V) communications. Based on real-world measurements using IEEE 802.11p devices, the proposed model incorporates the physical layer characteristics and propagation effects in an authentic highway environment with real vehicular traffic. With only a small set of parameters, the model allows to simulate time series of packet error events with a Hidden Markov Model (HMM). We propose this packet error model for the simulation of vehicular connectivity in the context of intelligent transport systems.