A novel epsilon-near-zero total internal reflection antenna to form radar sum and difference patterns

A novel geometry is proposed to achieve sum and difference patterns using a monopole antenna as the feed. This geometry consists of a dielectric flare with an embedded uniaxial wire medium acting as an ENZ material. Beams are formed via total internal reflection, but by placing two metallic plates on two side walls of the flare, sum and difference patterns can be interchanged. Physics of the structure are discussed and its radiation pattern, gain and input impedance are calculated by full wave simulation. The antenna is chosen to operate at x band and can be easily fabricated.