Wind-thermal economic and environmental scheduling incorporating Demand Response

Since concern about environmental issues has grown, the power system is faced with a considerable penetration of renewable energy resources in the recent years. Wind power is recognized as a clean and economical option among all the renewables. The stochastic nature of wind generation is the most important challenge which imposes considerable technical and economic damages to Independent System Operators (ISOs). In this paper, Demand Response Programs (DRPs) are introduced as a powerful measure in order to manage wind generation variability and improve system operation. On this basis, a cost-emission based Network-Constrained Unit Commitment (NCUC) problem incorporating DR (NCUCDR) is developed. The IEEE-RTS is selected as a test case for numerical studies. The numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model as well as highlight the role of DR in efficient operation of the system.