Consensus-based droop control synthesis for multiple power converters in lossy micro-grids

Due to inherent distributed and heterogeneous nature of the micro-grid, the micro-grid becomes an ideal platform for consensus-based control. Conventionally, power sharing in a micro-grid is achieved by autonomous P-f and Q-V droop control on individual inverters, which suffers from the dependence on output line impedance. Inaccurate reactive power sharing will occur under strongly non-uniform line impedance. In this paper, the consensus-based P-f/Q-V and P-V/Q-F droop control with sparse communication network is proposed. When the line impedances of the grid is either lossy or even purely resistive, the operation principle of the proposed droop control is presented. In addition, the stability of the closed-loop system is studied by the transient energy function approach. Real-time simulations of a 14-bus micro-grid system are studied to validate the effectiveness of the proposed droop control method.