Used-battery management with integrated battery building block system

This paper utilizes an integrated building block system to manage battery packs made up of battery cells retired from transportation applications. These used batteries could have different brands, capacities, chemistries, aging conditions, etc. The importance of the second use of the retired batteries is addressed and an integrated building block system is introduced in this paper. The control strategy for handling used batteries is also proposed. A prototype is built and the concept is verified by experimental results.